Which two items can be set in the new member defaults to be applied to new members of an ArcGIS Online organization?

The correct answer focuses on the member role as it plays a crucial role in defining the access level and capabilities of users within an ArcGIS Online organization. When setting up new member defaults, the organization can dictate whether a new member will have a viewer role, editor role, or higher privileges that allow them to manage content, administer settings, or perform specialized tasks. This is essential for maintaining the structure and governance of the organization, as it ensures that users are assigned appropriate permissions based on their responsibilities.

While other options like multifactor authentication, security questions, and credit allocation are essential for organizational security and resource management, they do not fall under the specific member defaults that can be set for new members. Multifactor authentication is a security feature that can be enforced but is generally applied to all members rather than assigned at the individual member default level. Security questions are part of the account recovery process and are not included in default settings. Credit allocation pertains to managing the usage of credits within the organization rather than being a role or privilege assigned to new members.